DIET AND REGIMEN BEFORE AND DURING NASYA

Before undergoing any Śodhana some set of rules in both diet and regimens need to be maintained.

उष्णोदकोपचारी स्याद्ब्रह्मचारी क्षपाशयः|
न वेगरोधी व्यायामक्रोधशोकहिमातपान्||२६||
प्रवातयानयानाध्वभाष्यात्यासन संस्थितीः|
नीचात्युच्चोपधानाहः स्वप्नधूमरजांसि च||२७||
यान्यहानि पिबेत्तानि तावन्त्यन्यान्यपि त्यजेत्|
सर्वकर्मस्वयं प्रायो व्याधिक्षीणेषु च क्रमः||२८||(A.Hr/Su/16/26)

Ushnodakopacāri – The person should use warm water for all his needs.

Brahmacāri – Should maintain celibacy.

Kṣapāśaya-He should sleep well at night.

Na vegarodhī – should not suppress natural urges, not indulge in exercise, anger, grief, exposure to cold, sunlight, breeze, riding on animals, travelling in vehicles, walking long distance, too much of speaking, remaining in uncomfortable postures for long time, keeping very low or very high pillow under the head, sleeping during day, contact with smoke and dust; on the days of drinking fats and for same number of days afterwards also.

This regimen is the same generally for all purification therapies such as emesis, purgation, enema etc. and also for those debilitated by diseases.

न च नस्ये निषिच्यमाने कोपहास्यव्याहारस्पन्दनोच्छिङ्ख़-नान्याचरेत्|
तथा हि शिरोरुक्प्रतिश्यायकासतिमिरख़लतिपलितव्यङ्गतिलकालकमूकदूषिकाणां सम्भवः||

   (AS/San/Su/20/27)
During Nasya one should restrain from anger, laughter, taking food, movement, deep inhalation. Otherwise, these creates Śiroruk,Pratiśyāya, Kāsa, Timira, Khalati, Palita, Vyaṅga, Tilakālakaand Mukhadūṣikā.

DIET AND REGIMEN AFTER NASYA

In TrimarmīyaAdhyāyaCarakaĀcārya says, हितान्नभुङ् (intake of conducive Ahra),तूष्णं पाययित्वाऽम्बु भोजयेत् (UṣṇaAnnapĀna need to be undertaken),लघु (light),त्रिष्वविरुद्धं(Tridoṣā Avirudha) diet should be followed after ŚōdhanaNasya.

PATHYAAPATHYA OF NASYA

दत्ते च पुनरपि संस्वेद्य गलकपोलादीन् धूममासेवेत, भोजयेच्चैनमभिष्यन्दि, ततोऽस्याचारिकमादिशेत्; रजोधूमस्नेहातपमद्यद्रवपानशिरःस्नानातियानक्रोधादीनि च परिहरेत् ||३१|| (Su/Chi/40/31)

Pathya during Nasya are AnabhiṣyandiAhāraSevana, Snehācārika Vidhi Sevana, whereas  Apatyas are Rajo, Dhūma, Sneha, Ātapa, Madya, Dravapāna, Śirasnāna, Athiyāna, Krodha and Divāswapna.

PŪRVA- PRADHĀNA – PAŚCĀT KARMA OF NASYA

Administration of śōdhananasya (Nasyakarma vidhi)

Procedure of Nasya can be divided into three headings

1. Pūrvakarma
2. Pradhāna Karma
3. Paścāt Karma

अथ नस्यार्हं नरमव्याहतवेगं धौतान्तर्बहिर्मुख़ं स्निग्ध-
स्विन्नशिरसं नातिक्षुधितं प्रायोगिकधूमपानविशुद्धस्रोतसं
स्वास्तीर्णनिवातशयनस्थमुत्तानशिर्षमीषदुन्नतपादं प्रसा-
रितकरचरणं जत्रूर्ध्वं पाणितापेन पुनः पुनः स्वेदयेत्|
ततः कनकरजतताम्रान्यतमशुक्तिस्थितं प्रदेयमौषधत्रि-
भागमुष्णाम्बुप्रतप्तं किञ्चित् प्रलम्बितशिरसो वामहस्ता-
ङ्गुष्ठकनिष्ठिकाभ्यामाक्रम्य नयनप्रच्छादनं चतुर्गुणं वासो
मध्यमया नासाग्रमुन्नमय्य प्रदेशिन्यनामिकाभ्यं चैकैकं
नासापुटं पर्यायेण पिधायेतरस्मिन् नासास्रोतसि दक्षिण-
हस्तेन प्रनाड्या पिचुना वानवच्छिन्नमासिञ्चेत्||१५||
दत्तमात्रे तु नस्ये कर्णललाटकेशभूमिगण्डमन्यास्क-
न्धपाणिपादतलान्यनुसुख़ं मर्दयेत्|शनैश्चोच्छिङ्ख़ेत्|
अनभ्यवहरंश्च वामदक्षिणपार्श्वयोरौषधं निष्ठीवेत्|
सकलंहि तदभ्यवहृतमग्निमवसादयेत्|
दोषं च संवर्धयेत्|एकपार्श्वनिष्ठीवनेन सर्वाः सिरा भेषजेन सम्यग्व्याप्यन्ते|
पुनः पुनश्चैनं स्वेदयेदाभेषजदर्शनान्नोछिङ्ख़न्निष्ठीवेच्च|
ततश्चैवमेव द्वितीयमंशमनुषेचयेत्तथा तृतीयं दोषादिबलेन
वा| विरेचने त्ववपीडे दोषबलमपेक्ष्य पश्चात् स्नेहमनु-
षेचयेत्|निवृत्तनस्यं चैवमुन्निद्रमुत्तानं वाक्शतमात्रं शाय-
येत्|ततः पुनरप्युत्क्लिष्टदोषशेषोपशान्तये वैरेचनिकं
यथार्हं वा धूमं पाययित्वोष्णोदकगण्डूषान् धारयेत्|
अथास्य स्नेहोक्तमाचारमादिशेत्|अतिद्रवपानञ्च वर्जयेत्|
पुनश्च तृतीयेऽहनि नस्यमवसेचयेत्|हिध्मास्वरोपग़ात-
मन्यास्तम्भापतानकेषु शिरसि चानिलार्त्याद्यभिभूते प्रत्यहं
सायम्प्रातरुभयकालं वा|अनेन विधिना पञ्च सप्त
नव वा दिनानि दद्यादासम्यग्योगाद्वा||१८|| (As Sang/Su/29/

Pūrvakarma

 The person who is fit and to be administered Nasya,

• Has to attend his natural urges
• Has to clean his face inside and outside
• Head is to be subjected to Snehana and Svedana
• He should not be very much hungry
• Should have his passages of head purified and cleaned by the PrāyogikaDhūma.
• Should be on a bed
• Spread widely in a room devoid of air
• His head should be slightly raised
• The legs and arms should be stretched
• His head or part above the clavicle should be fomented again and again by the warmth of the palms.

Pradhāna karma

• The medicine is to be kept in a small container made of gold, silver or copper.
• It should be of three parts and is made hot by placing in hot water.
• The head should be made to slightly bend and held with the thumb and little fingers of left hand.
• Eyes are to be covered by a cloth which is very clean and has four folds.
• The tip of the nose is to be held firmly and raised.
• Each nostril is to be closed alternatively while dropping medicine by the index and little fingers.
• The medicine is to be poured in an uninterrupted flow into the two nostrils alternately by the right hand of the physician, either by tube or by cotton-wad.
• Immediately after administering the Nasya, one should gently and comfortably rub the area of ears, forehead, head, cheeks, nape of the neck, shoulders, palms and soles
• Slowly the medicine is to be inhaled.
• Don’t allow to swallow the medicine, it will hamper the Agni and further increase the doshas.
• Allow the patient to spit the doshas to the alternate sides.
• Otherwise the medicine won’t be reaching all the Sroatses equally.
• Repeat the procedure till the doshas and medicine has properly came out.

Paścāt karma 

• After NasyaDravya has come out patient should be made to lie in supine posture for 100 Mātra duration.
• For the subsidence of irritated Doshas, VairecanikaDhūmapana is to be done.

And then UṣṇaUdakaGaṇḍūṣais to be done.

IMPORTANCE OF KAVALA AND DHŪMAPANA AFTER NASYA

धूमं पीत्वा कवोष्णाम्बुकवलान् कण्ठशुद्धये|
                                                             (As Hr/Su/20/23)

The Kavala can be chosen as per the remaining Doṣā Avasthā like Vairecanika etc. and Kavala with UṣṇaUdaka need to be done. Both these will help in pacifying the remaining UtkliṣṭaDoṣās in the Srotases and help in KaṇṭhaŚuddhias per the opinion of SarvaṅgaSundariVyākhya.

1. NāvanaNasya: these Nasya can be practiced regularly

Its of two types a)Snehana b) Śodhana

2. SnehanaNasya: In this type medicated Sneha is instilled into the nose.

तत्र यः स्नेहनार्थं शून्यशिरसां ग्रीवास्कन्धोरसां च बलजननार्थं दृष्टिप्रसादजननार्थं वा स्नेहो विधीयते तस्मिन् वैशेषिको नस्यशब्दः | (Su/Chi/40/22)

Nasya is specially applied to the therapy in which Sneha are used for the purpose of lubricating the empty head, giving strength to the neck, shoulder and chest or to produce clarity of vision.

Dose:

तस्य प्रमाणमष्टौ बिन्दवः प्रदेशिनीपर्वद्वयनिःसृताः प्रथमा मात्रा, द्वितीया शुक्तिः, तृतीया पाणिशुक्तिः, इत्येतास्तिस्रो मात्रा यथाबलं प्रयोज्याः ||(Su/Chi/ 40/28)

Avaramātrā is 8 Bindu, MadhyamaMātrā is ŚuktiPramāṇa or 16 Bindu and UttamaMātrā is PaniśuktiPramāṇa or 32 Bindu.

According to Bhoja – In swāsthya

For prāyogikaNasya -8 Bindu in each nostril

For Snehana – 16 Bindu ( ŚuktiPramāṇa) in each nostril

Indications:

ये च वातात्मका रोगाः शिरःकम्पार्दितादयः|
शिरसस्तर्पणं तेषु नस्तःकर्म प्रशस्यते ^[१] ||९४|||९४||(Cha/Si/9/94)

In Śirakampa, Ardita, etc. caused by aggravated Vāyu, Nasya which causes Tarpaṇa of head is useful.

तत्तु देयं वाताभिभूते शिरसि दन्तकेशश्मश्रुप्रपातदारुणकर्णशूलकर्णक्ष्वेडतिमिरस्वरोपघातनासारोगास्यशोषावबाहुकाकालजवलीपलितप्रादुर्भावदारुणप्रबोधेषु वातपैत्तिकेषु मुखरोगेष्वन्येषु च वातपित्तहरद्रव्यसिद्धेन स्नेहेनेति ||२२|| (Su/Chi/40/22)

VātajaŚiroroga, falling of Danta, KeśaandŚmaśru, Karṇaksveda,Timira, Svaropaghāta, Nāsāroga, ĀsyaŚoṣa, Apabāhuka, Akālaja Vali, AkālajaPalita, DāruṇaPrabodha,Vāta Pitta Roga and Mukharoga are the conditions in which NāvanaNasya is indicated.

1. b) ŚodhanaNasya: Another type of NāvanaNasya.

फलादिभेषजं प्रोक्तं शिरसो यद्विरेचनम्||९६||
तच्चूर्णं कल्पयेत्तेन पचेत् स्नेहं विरेचनम्| (Cha/Si/9/96)

Medicated oil prepared with ŚiroVirecanaCūrṇaand PhalādiDravyais used for Nasya.

Dose: चत्वारो बिन्दवः षड् वा तथाऽष्टौ वा यथाबलम् |
शिरोविरेकस्नेहस्य प्रमाणमभिनिर्दिशेत् ||३६|| (Su/Chi/40/36)

AvaraMātrais 4 Bindu, MadhyamaMātrais 6 Bindu and UttamaMātrais 8 Bindu.

Indications

गौरवे शिरसः शूले पीनसेऽर्धावभेदके|
क्रिमिव्याधावपस्मारे घ्राणनाशे प्रमोहके||६|| (Cha/Su/2/6)

Shriogaurava, Śirasūla, Pīnasa, Ardhāvabhedaka, KrimijaVyādhi, Apasmāra, Ghrāṇanāśa, Pramohaare indictaed.

स्तम्भसुप्तिगुरुत्वाद्याः श्लैष्मिका ये शिरोगदाः|
शिरोविरेचनं तेषु नस्तःकर्म प्रशस्यते||९३|| ( Cha/Si/9/93)

Stambha, Supti And Gouravaof Śiras, KaphajaŚiroroga, ŚōdhanaNasya is indicated.

According to Suśrutait’s indicated in accumulation of Kapha inTālu, Kaṇṭhaand Śiras.Arocaka, Śirogourava, Śirasūla, Pīnasa, Ardhāvabhedaka, Kṛmi, pratiśyāya, apasmāra, GandhaAjnana, or other KaphajaŪrdhvajatrugataRogasŚōdhanaNasya is indicated.

AvapīḍaNasya

अवपीड्य यत्र कल्कादीनि दीयन्ते इत्यवपीडः; अनेन शिरोविरेचनार्थं दीयमानसैन्धवपिप्पल्यादिकल्कस्याप्यवरोधः| (Cha/Si/9/90 Chakrapani)

Instillation of squeezed juice of leaves or paste of AuṣadhaDravyas is termed as AvapīḍaNasya.

शृतशीतस्वरसादीनां पिचुनाऽवपीडनात् अवपीडः| (Su/Chi/40/21/ Dalhana)

If NasyaDravyais taken from Kalka, Kvātha, Swarasa etc. it’s termed as Avapīḍa. These are very strong Śirovairecanikas.

Method of preparation

कल्कीकृतादौषधाधःपीडितोनिःसृतोरसः॥

सोऽवपीडःसमुद्दिष्टस्तीक्ष्णद्रव्यसमुद्भवः। (Sha/U/8/12)

AuṣadhaDravya such as fresh Patra, Kaṇṭha etc. is triturated well and squeeze to extract the juice out of it. This Rasa can be taken for Nasya.

Dose is 4,6 and 8 Bindu for Avara, Madhyam and Pravara.

Types:

1. Stambhana– like of Ikṣurasa, Kṣīraused as inRaktapitta
2. Śodhana – like Saindava, Pippalietc. used as inKṛmi, Ardhāvabhedaka
3. According to Videha there are two types
   1. Sajñā Prabodhaka
   2. Stambhana
4. PradhamanaNasya or DhmāpanaNasya

This is a type of ŚōdhanaNasya where Cūrṇais used as NasyaDravya.

प्रध्मापनस्य तु|तत् षडङ्गुलया ^[५] नाड्या धमेच्चूर्णं मुखेन तु||१०७||
विरिक्तशिरसं(Cha/Si/9/107)

Powder of auṣadhī should be blown by mouth into nostril through a tube of 6 Aṅgulalength.

Method of administration

युञ्ज्यात्तं मुखवायुना| षडङ्गुलद्विमुखया नाड्या भेषजगर्भया||८||
स हि भूरितरं दोषं चूर्णत्वादपकर्षति|(As Hr/Su/20/8)

1. Mucuṭī or pinch of Nasyadravya is filled at one end of Nāḍī or tube.
2. Place that end to the opening of nostril
3. Observe the inspiration – expiration pattern and blow the medicine at the time of inspiration

According to Videha

शुक्तिप्रमाणंजिघ्रेद्वाबद्धंसूक्ष्मेणवाससा ।

One śuktipramāṇa of powder is kept in pottali of thin cloth and then the patient is asked to inhale deeply. Thus the fine particle will go inside the nostril.

Indications :

चेतोविकारकृमिविषाभिपन्नानां चूर्णं प्रधमेत् ||४६||(Su/Chi/40/44)

Indicated In CittaVikāra, KṛmijaVyādhiand Viṣa

अत्यन्तोत्कटदोषेषुविसंज्ञेषु च दीयते।

चूर्णंप्रधमनंधीरैस्तद्धितीक्ष्णतरंयतः॥ ( Sha/Ut/8/17)

Indicated in severely increased Doṣā avasthā, unconscious patient and to brave minds.

4. DhūmaNasya

Inhalation of medicated Dhūma or fumes through nostrils is termed as DhūmaNasya.

Difference Between Dhūmapana and DhūmaNasya

शमनादिक इत्यत्र शमनशब्देन प्रायोगिकं गृह्णाति, तेन प्रायोगिकस्नैहिकवैरेचनिकधूमानां नासादीयमानानामिह ग्रहणं, मुखपेयस्तु धुमो न नस्यम्|(Cha/ Si/9/91 Chakrapani)

Prāyogika, Snaihika and VairecanikaDhūma administered through nose is DhūmaNasyaand through mouth is Dhūmapāna.

Types

1. Prāyogika
2. Snaihika
3. Vairecanika
4. PrāyogikaDhūmaNasya

प्रायोगिकी च नित्यपेयधूमवर्तिसंज्ञा।

That which is used daily is termed as prāyogika

Time of administration –

प्रयोगपाने तस्याष्टौ कालाः सम्परिकीर्तिताः||३३||
वातश्लेष्मसमुत्क्लेशः कालेष्वेषु हि लक्ष्यते|
स्नात्वा भुक्त्वा समुल्लिख्य क्षुत्वा दन्तान्निघृष्य च|
नावनाञ्जननिद्रान्ते चात्मवान् धूमपो भवेत्|  (Cha/Su/5/ 34)

Eight time are identified for prāyogikadhūmanasya

1. Snātva or after bath
2. Bhukta or after food
3. Ullikhya or after vomiting
4. Kṣutva or after sneezing
5. DantaNirghriṣyaor after brushing
6. Nāvana or after Sneha Nasya
7. Añjana or after applying collyrium
8. Nidrānte or after end of sleep

2.Snaihika Dhūmanasya

स्नैहिकीस्नेहनकारिका।

Dhūma used to produce Snehana is called SnehanaDhūmaNasya. It’s prepared withMadhura GanaDrvaya added with Vasā, Ghṛta and Madhūcchiṣṭa.

3.Vairecanika DhūmaNasya

Used for elimination of Doṣās

श्वेता ज्योतिष्मती चैव हरितालं मनःशिला||२६||
गन्धाश्चागुरुपत्राद्या धूमं मूर्धविरेचने ^[१] |२७| (Cha/Su/5/26)

Dravyas like Apamārga, Jyotiṣmatī, Haratāla, Manaḥśilā etc are used for Vairecanika

DhūmaNasya.

Length of Nāḍī used for DhūmaNasya

Method Of Administration

ऋज्वङ्गचक्षुस्तच्चेताः सूपविष्टस्त्रिपर्ययम्||४८||
पिबेच्छिद्रं पिधायैकं नासया धूममात्मवान्|४९| (Cha/Su/5/48)

1.person should sit straight keeping his body, eyes and mind steady.

2. Patient start inhaling through one nostril closing the other.
3. Repeat it for three times
4. Smoke inhaled through nostril should be exhaled via mouth and that is inhaled through mouth should be exhaled through mouth only. This is to followed if otherwise the smoke passing in the reverse direction may quickly injure the eyes.

Samyak- ayoga and Atiyogalakṣaṇas

Samyak:

यदा चोरश्च कण्ठश्च शिरश्च लघुतां व्रजेत्||५२||
कफश्च तनुतां प्राप्तः सुपीतं धूममादिशेत्| (Cha/Su/5/52)

Lightness in ura, Kaṇṭa and Śira are SamyakLakṣaṇas

Ayoga:

अविशुद्धः स्वरो यस्य कण्ठश्च सकफो भवेत्||५३||
स्तिमितो मस्तकश्चैवमपीतं धूममादिशेत्|| ( Cha/Su/5/53)

If the voice is not clarified and the throat is filled with  kapha and head feels stiffened are AyogaLakṣaṇas

Atiyoga:

तालु मूर्धा च कण्ठश्च शुष्यते परितप्यते||५४||
तृष्यते मुह्यते जन्तू रक्तं च स्रवतेऽधिकम्|
शिरश्च भ्रमतेऽत्यर्थं मूर्च्छा चास्योपजायते||५५||
इन्द्रियाण्युपतप्यन्ते धूमेऽत्यर्थं निषेविते|५६| ( Cha/Su/5/54-55)

In case ofAtiyoga, palate, head and throat get dried up with heat sensation, the persongets thirsty and becomes unconscious, there is excessive bleeding, excessivegiddiness and fainting and dysfunctioning of sense organs.

1.PratimarśaNasya

This isa type of Sneha nasyain which only a small quantity of  oil is instilled into the nose. It can be used in all seasons.

NāvanaNasya is of Snehanaand Śōdhana. Pratimarśa can do both the action without any complications.

Dose :

ईषदुच्छिङ्घतः स्नेहो यावद्वक्त्रं प्रपद्यते |
नस्ये निषिक्तं तं विद्यात् प्रतिमर्शं प्रमाणतः (Su/Chi/40/53)

Oil instilled into the nostril which comes to oral cavity by light snuffing is the dose of pratimarśa

प्रतिमर्शस्यमात्रातुद्विद्विबिन्दुमितामता ।

प्रत्येकशोनस्तकयोःस्नेहेतिविनिश्चतम् ॥ ( Sha/Ut/8/38)

Dose of pratimarśa is 2 Bindu in each nostril.

Kāla or time:

निशाहर्भुक्तवान्ताहः स्वप्नाध्वश्रमरेतसाम्|
शिरोभ्यञ्जनगण्डूषप्रस्रावाञ्जनवर्चसाम्||२८||
दन्तकाष्ठस्य हासस्य योज्योऽन्तेऽसौ द्विबिन्दुकः| (As Hr/Su/20/28)

• Nishānte or end of night
• Shānte or end of day
• Bhuktānte or end of meals

   This helps in bringing srotoshudhi.

• Vāntante or end of vomiting
• Aha Swapna or after day sleep
• Adhva or after walking long
• Klama or tired

This helps in removing the fatigue

• Retasām or after coitus
• ŚiroAbhyañjanaor after applying oil to head
• Gaṇḍūṣa or after gargling
• Prasrāva or after urination

This helps in bringing DṛkBala

• Añjana or after applying collyrium
• Varcasām or after defecation
• DantaKāṣṭhaor after brushing

This helps in reducing Vāta

• Hāsya or after laughing.

Benefits of pratimarśanasya

आजन्ममरणं शस्तः प्रतिमर्शस्तु बस्तिवत्|
मर्शवच्च गुणान् कुर्यात्स हि नित्योपसेवनात्||३२||
न चात्र यन्त्रणा नापि व्यापद्भ्यो मर्शवद्भयम्|(As Hr/Su/20/32)

It’s good from birth to death just like enema therapy. It will benefit in the same way of MarśaNasyaif used daily without making any complications. It does not need any restriction and no fear of complications.

Difference Between Marśa and pratimarśanasya

Indications

प्रतिमर्शः क्षतक्षामबालवृद्धसुखात्मसु|
प्रयोज्योऽकालवर्षेऽपि- (As Hr/Su/20/26)

क्षीणेतृष्णास्यशोषार्तेबालेवृद्धे च युज्यते।

प्रतिमर्शेनशाम्यन्तिरोगाश्चैवोर्ध्वजत्रुजाः॥

वलीपलितनाशश्चबलमीन्द्र्यजंभवेत्।( Sha/ Ut/8/45)

Kṣata, Bāla, Vṛddha, Sukhātmanaor Sukumāra, Akālavarṣa, Tṛṣṇā, ĀsyaŚoṣa, Ūrdhvajatrugata, Vali and Palita.

Contraindications

न त्विष्टो दुष्टपीनसे||२६||मद्यपीतेऽबलश्रोत्रे कृमिदूषितमूर्द्धनि|
उत्कृष्टोत्क्लिष्टदोषे च, हीनमात्रतया हि सः ( As Hr/Su/20/27)

Duṣṭapīnasa, Madyapīta, AbalaSrota, KṛmiDūṣitaMūrdha or worm infestation of Mūrdha, UtkliṣṭaDoṣā.