Basic Module 3 - Lesson 6

SVEDANA

EXPLANATORY NOTES

KNOWLEDGE OF CHATURVIDHA SVEDA

TĀPA SVEDA

तापो अग्नितप्त वसनफालहस्ततलादिभिः | (A. H. Su. 17/2)

Tāpa means heating. Direct application of heat to the body with heated materials such as hasta, Kāmsya Patra, Vastra, Vālūka, Kanduka.

ŪṢMA SVEDA

ऊष्मा तूत्कारिकालोष्ट कपालोपलपांसुभिः |
पत्रभङ्गेन धान्येन करीषसिकतातुषैः ||

अनेकोपायसन्तप्तैः प्रयोज्यो देशकालतः | (A. H. Su. 17/3)

Ūṣma means Bāṣpa-steam. The steam of the hot substance is directed towards the affected body part. Steam is obtained by Utkārika (boiling pulses, grains), stones, pebbles, mud pieces of leaves, grains, husk etc.

UPANĀHA SVEDA

उपनाहो वचा किण्वशताहवादेवदारुभिः

धान्यैः समस्तैः गन्धैश्च रास्ना एरण्ड जटामिषैः

उद्रिक्तलवणैः  स्नेहचुक्रतक्रपयः प्लुतैः
केवले पवने, श्लेष्मसंस्रुष्टे सुरसादिभिः
पित्तेन पद्मकाध्यैस्तु साल्वणाख्यैः पुनः पुनः

स्निग्धोष्ण वीर्यं मृदुभिश्चर्म पट्टैरपूतिभिः
अलाभे वतजित्पत्रकौशेयाविकशाटकैः |   (A. H. Su. 17/4-6)

  • Svedana done by Bandhana is known as Upanāha.
  • It is prepared from vaca, Kinva, Śātāhva, Devadāru, Dhānya, Rāsnā, Māmsa etc.
  • In Kevala Vāta condition, each one is added with more of Lavaṇa, Sneha, takra, Payas etc.
  • In Kapha Anubandha Vāta – Surasādi Gaṇa 
  • In Pittānubandha Vāta- Padmakādi Gaṇa , Sālvaṇa , Kākolyādi Gaṇa

Method of Application

  • After applying the poultice, the part of the body should be bandaged with soft piece of leather which does not have bad smell, which has been oiled; it should be slightly warmed and tied; if leather is not available, leaves of plants which balānce Vāta, silk cloth, or woollen cloth may be used.
  • Poultice tied during night should be removed during day and that tied during day should be removed during night.

Sālvaṇa Upanāha

काकोल्यादिः सवातघ्न सर्वाम्ल द्रव्यसंयुतः। आनूप औदकं मांसस्तु सर्व स्नेह समान्वितः॥ सुखोष्णः स्पष्टलवणः साल्वणः परिकीर्तितः॥ तेनोपनाहं कुर्वीतं सर्वता वातरोगिणाम् (Su. Chi. 32/14)

  • The Upanāha rich in salt is called Sālvaṇa Upanāha. In this the Kākolyādi Gaṇa Dravya, Vātāhāra   Dravya, Amla  Dravya, Ānūpa māṃsa, Sneha, Lavaṇa  in excess quantity are made into a paste and bandaging is done with silk cloth.
  • Indicated in Atyanta ruja , Gātra saṃkoca  , Gātra stabdha 

DRAVA SVEDA

It is of 2 types – Pariṣeka, Avagāha sveda

  • Pariṣeka Sveda

शिग्रुवारणकैरण्डकरञ्जसुरसार्जकात् |
शिरीषवासांवशार्क मालती दीर्घवृन्ततः
पत्रंमङ्गैर्वचाध्यैश्च मांसैश्चानूपवारिजैः
दशमूलेन पृथक् सहितेर्वा यथामलम्
स्नेहवद्भिः सुराशुक्तवारिक्षीरादिसाधितैः
कुम्भीर्गलन्तीर्नाडीर्वा पूरयित्वा रुजार्दितंम |
वाससा अच्छादितं गात्रं स्निग्धं सिञ्चेत्यथासुखम  | (A. H. Su. 17/6-9)

Warm liquid is prepared by boiling leaves of Śigru, Vāraṇaka, Eraṇḍa, Karanja, Surasa, Ārjaka, Shireesa, Vasa, Vamsha, Arka, Mālatī or Dirghvrinta with drugs of Vacādigaṇa, meat of animals of Marshy land and of those living in water, drugs of Daśamūla, each one separately or all together, mixed with fats – oil, ghee etc. appropriate to the Dōṣa, Sura, Sukta, water and milk. This medicated liquid should be filled into pot, jug with spout, or a tube and poured slowly and steadily over the painful part covered with cloth. (pariṣeka Sveda)

  • Avagāha Sveda

तैरेव वा द्रवैः पूर्णं कुण्डं सर्वाङ्गगेऽनिले|
अवगाह्यातुरस्तिष्ठेदर्शःकृच्छ्रादिरुक्षु ||

(A. H. Su. 17/11)

Avagāha Sveda – In case of Vāta affecting the entire body, the same medicated water may be filled into tub and the patient made to sit in it, this method can be adopted in piles, dysuria.

IMPORTANT SLOKA

स्वेदस्तापोपनोहोष्मद्रवभेदाच्चतुर्विधः |                              (AH.Su.17/1)

Tāpa, Upanāha, Ūṣma and Drava Sveda are 4 different types Sveda

तापो अग्नितप्त वसनफालहस्ततलादिभिः |              (AH.Su.17/2)

Tāpa means heating. Direct application of heat to the body with heated materials such as hasta, Kāmsya Patra, Vastra, Vālūka, Kanduka

उपनाहो वचाकिण्वशताह्वादेवदारुभिः।
धान्यैः समस्तैर्गन्धैश्च रास्नैरण्डजटामिषैः॥
उद्रिक्तलवणैः स्नेहचुक्रतक्रपयःप्लुतैः।
केवले पवने, श्लेष्मसंसृष्टे सुरसादिभिः॥
पित्तेन पद्मकाद्यैस्तु साल्वणाख्यैः पुनःपुनः।
स्निग्धोष्णवीर्यैर्मृदुभिश्चर्मपट्टैरपूतिभिः॥
अलाभे वातजित्पत्रकौशेयाविकशाटकैः।                (AH.Su.17/3)

Upanāha is prepared from Vaca, Kinva, Śātāhva, Devadāru, Dhānya, Rāsnā, Māmsa etc. In Kevala Vāta condition, each one is added with more of Lavaṇa, Sneha, takra, Payas etc; In Kapha Anubandha Vāta – Surasādi Gaṇa; In Pittānubandha Vāta- Padmakādi Gaṇa , Sālvaṇa , Kākolyādi Gaṇa. After applying the poultice, the part of the body should be bandaged with soft piece of leather which does not have bad smell, which has been oiled; it should be slightly warmed and tied; if leather is not available, leaves of plants which balānce Vāta, silk cloth, or woollen cloth may be used. Poultice tied during night should be removed during day and that tied during day should be removed during night.

ऊष्मा तूत्कारिकालोष्ट कपालोपलपांसुभिः |
पत्रभङ्गेन धान्येन करीषसिकतातुषैः ||
अनेकोपायसन्तप्तैः प्रयोज्यो देशकालतः |                  (AH.Su.17/6)

Ūṣma means Bāṣpa – Steam. The steam of the hot substance is directed towards the affected body part. Steam is obtained by Utkārika (boiling pulses, grains), stones, pebbles, mud pieces of leaves, grains, husk etc.

शिग्रुवारणकैरण्डकरञ्जसुरसार्जकात्||
शिरीषवासावंशार्कमालतीदीर्घवृन्ततः|
पत्रभङ्गैर्वचाद्यैश्च मांसैश्चानूपवारिजैः||
दशमूलेन च पृथक् सहितैर्वा यथामलम्|
स्नेहवद्भिः सुराशुक्तवारिक्षीरादिसाधितैः||
कुम्भीर्गलन्तीर्नाडीर्वा पूरयित्वा रुजार्दितम्|
वाससाऽऽच्छादितं गात्रं स्निग्धं सिञ्चेद्यथासुखम्||         (AH.Su.17/7-10)

Warm liquid is prepared by boiling leaves of Śigru, Vāraṇaka, Eraṇḍa, Karanja, Surasa, Ārjaka, Shireesa, Vasa, Vamsha, Arka, Mālatī or Dirghvrinta with drugs of Vacādigaṇa, meat of animals of marshy land and of those living in water, drugs of Daśamūla, each one separately or all together, mixed with fats – oil, ghee etc. appropriate to the Dōṣa, Sura, Śukta, water and milk. This medicated liquid should be filled into pot, jug with spout, or a tube and poured slowly and steadily over the painful part covered with cloth.